African Oral literature - Philosophical Concept | Alexandria
African Oral Literature, or the literature voiced and performed across the African continent and its diaspora, is more than just stories; it is a living archive of history, philosophy, and social values passed down through generations. Often dismissed as mere folklore, this vibrant art form encompasses diverse genres such as folktales, proverbs, praise poems, songs, myths, and epics. These narratives often serve as tools for education, social commentary, and spiritual guidance, revealing layers of meaning far beyond mere entertainment.
The roots of African Oral Literature stretch back to time immemorial, predating written records. While pinpointing its exact origin is impossible, evidence suggests sophisticated oral traditions were thriving in various African societies centuries ago. For instance, praise poems celebrating the deeds of rulers in kingdoms thrived as early as the 13th century, and fragments of early creation myths have been traced back to ancient religious practices. These early forms served not only to recount historical events but also to preserve cultural identities and moral frameworks in complex, evolving societies.
Over time, African Oral Literature has influenced written African literature, bridging the gap between speech and script. Important figures like Chinua Achebe and Ngugi wa Thiong'o have openly incorporated oral traditions into their novels which illustrates the continuing importance of these traditions. Moreover, the interpretations of oral traditions evolved drastically during and after colonialism wherein they served as both a means of resistance and the reassertion of cultural pride. With the rise of literacy and globalization, the role of oral literature shifted as new forms emerged like oral poetry to address today's pressing social issues.
Today, African Oral Literature continues to resonate. Performances, often blending music, dance, and storytelling, remain integral to community life, serving as reminders of shared histories and continuing sources of cultural identity. While scholars and artists collaborate to preserve and document many oral traditions, gaps inevitably remain. How might shifting social landscapes influence and transform these venerable narratives? And how does the act of transcription affect the very essence of oral expression?