Sentimental Drama - Philosophical Concept | Alexandria
Sentimental Drama, a theatrical genre that flourished in the 18th century, sought to evoke strong emotions from its audience by focusing on the domestic trials of middle-class characters. Often dismissed as mere tearjerkers, these plays, sometimes referred to as "lachrymose comedies" or "domestic tragedies," offered far more than simple emotional manipulation, inviting audiences to reassess prevailing social values.
The seeds of Sentimental Drama can be traced back to the late 17th century, with some scholars pointing to works like Colley Cibber's Love's Last Shift (1696) as a proto-sentimental piece. However, it was in the 1760s that the genre truly gained prominence, coinciding with the rise of Enlightenment ideals and an increasing emphasis on empathy and moral virtue. Plays such as Richard Cumberland’s The West Indian (1771) and Hugh Kelly’s False Delicacy (1768) championed benevolence and sentimental morality as the hallmarks of ideal conduct. These productions weren't merely entertainment; they were active participants in shaping the social discourse of their time.
The impact of Sentimental Drama rippled through European literature and thought. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's philosophical writings on natural goodness significantly impacted the genre's thematic underpinnings, influencing playwrights' portrayals of virtuous characters battling societal corruption. This period saw audiences weeping openly in theaters, identifying with the characters' struggles and embracing the sentimental ethos. Yet, the genre also sparked considerable debate. Critics such as Oliver Goldsmith, in his "Essay on the Theatre; or, A Comparison Between Laughing and Sentimental Comedy," lampooned its exaggerated emotional displays and predictable moral lessons, arguing for a return to more genuine comedies.
Despite the criticisms, the legacy of Sentimental Drama persists. Its emphasis on empathy and emotional connection has influenced subsequent dramatic forms and continues to resonate with contemporary audiences. Modern adaptations and reinterpretations of classic sentimental plays often explore themes of social justice, identity, and the complexities of human relationships. Was its ultimate purpose simply emotional release, or did it serve as a crucial catalyst for evolving social norms? The answer remains shrouded in its enduring, and perhaps misunderstood, influence.