The Role of the Canon - Philosophical Concept | Alexandria
The Role of the Canon: A term seemingly straightforward, yet riddled with complexities, the “canon” in comparative literature refers to the body of works generally considered to be the most important and influential within a particular national literature or across multiple cultures. But who decides what is worthy, and what voices are silenced in the process? Often mistaken as an objective measure of inherent quality, the canon is in reality a dynamic construct, shaped by historical forces, social biases, and evolving aesthetic values.
The concept of a literary canon has roots stretching back to ancient Greece, with early attempts at cataloging and preserving what were deemed the most significant works. However, its formalization and impact began to solidify during the Renaissance, particularly with the rise of humanism and the rediscovery of classical texts. The establishment of academies and universities played a crucial role. For example, the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, emerging in the 16th century, began to prioritize certain works, establishing a nascent French literary tradition, while inevitably overshadowing others. This curation, however, was not without its critics, even then.
Over the centuries, interpretations of the canon have undergone radical shifts. The Romantic era championed individual genius and emotional expression, leading to reevaluations of established figures and the elevation of previously marginalized voices, such as certain female writers. The 20th century witnessed even more dramatic transformations. Post-structuralism, feminism, post-colonial studies, and critical race theory challenged the very foundations of the traditional canon, exposing its inherent biases and demanding a more inclusive and representative body of work. Think of scholars dismantling Shakespeare's pedestal, revealing the socio-political context that cemented his position.
Today, the role of the canon remains fiercely debated. While it serves as a valuable framework for understanding literary history and cultural heritage, it is also recognized as a site of power, exclusion, and ongoing negotiation. Contemporary reinterpretations seek to decolonize the canon, amplifying voices from the Global South, foregrounding indigenous literatures, and challenging Western-centric perspectives. But even as these efforts continue, one question looms: can the canon ever truly be democratized, or will power dynamics inevitably shape which stories are told and remembered?