The Runaways - Classic Text | Alexandria
The Runaways, a satirical dialogue written by the prolific Greek author Lucian of Samosata (c. 125-180 CE), stands as a masterful critique of philosophical charlatanism and moral hypocrisy in the Roman Empire. This lesser-known yet intellectually provocative text presents a conversation between Zeus, Justice, and other deities lamenting the corruption of philosophy by pretenders who merely don the external trappings of wisdom without embodying its true principles.
First appearing during the height of the Second Sophistic movement, The Runaways emerges from a cultural context where philosophical schools competed fiercely for followers and social influence. The earliest manuscript evidence dates to the Byzantine period, though the work's authenticity as part of Lucian's corpus has never been seriously disputed. The dialogue's composition likely occurred during Lucian's mature period (160-170 CE), when he had established himself as a preeminent satirist in Rome.
The text weaves together mythological allegory with contemporary social commentary, depicting false philosophers as runaway slaves who have stolen the noble garb of their masters—true philosophy. Lucian's characteristic wit shines through his portrayal of these imposters, who sport long beards and rough cloaks while failing to comprehend the basic tenets of the philosophical traditions they claim to represent. The dialogue's enduring relevance lies in its exploration of authenticity versus appearance, a theme that resonates across centuries of intellectual discourse.
The Runaways continues to influence modern discussions about intellectual integrity and the commodification of wisdom. Contemporary scholars have drawn parallels between Lucian's criticism of philosophical poseurs and modern concerns about superficial expertise and performative intellectualism in digital culture. The text's sophisticated interplay of humor and serious philosophical critique demonstrates why Lucian remains a vital voice in discussions about intellectual honesty and the true pursuit of wisdom. What would Lucian make of today's self-proclaimed philosophers and thought leaders? The question underscores the timeless relevance of his satirical insight.