What We Owe the Future - Classic Text | Alexandria
A groundbreaking philosophical treatise on longtermism and humanity's moral obligations to future generations, "What We Owe the Future" (2022) represents William MacAskill's ambitious exploration of how present-day actions shape the vast expanse of human potential. This influential work, which rapidly gained prominence in both academic circles and popular discourse, presents a compelling argument for considering the welfare of future generations as a crucial moral imperative.
Published during a period of increasing global uncertainty marked by climate change, technological advancement, and societal upheaval, the book emerged as a thoughtful response to mounting questions about humanity's long-term trajectory. MacAskill, an associate professor of philosophy at Oxford University and co-founder of the effective altruism movement, draws upon historical analysis, moral philosophy, and empirical research to construct his argument for longtermism—the view that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority of our time.
The work's central thesis challenges traditional temporal boundaries of moral consideration, arguing that future people matter just as much as those alive today. Through careful examination of historical contingencies, from the Industrial Revolution to the abolition of slavery, MacAskill demonstrates how pivotal moments in history have shaped the course of human civilization, suggesting that contemporary society stands at similarly crucial junctures. The book explores four primary areas of potential impact: preventing human extinction, moral progress, technological development, and societal resilience.
Since its publication, "What We Owe the Future" has sparked intense debate across disciplines, from philosophy to economics to public policy. Its ideas have influenced discussions about artificial intelligence safety, climate change mitigation, and institutional design for long-term decision-making. The work has garnered attention from prominent figures including Bill Gates and has been translated into multiple languages, though it has also faced criticism for its utilitarian framework and specific empirical claims.
The book's legacy continues to evolve as humanity grapples with unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Its central question—how current generations should act as trustees for humanity's future—remains deeply relevant as technological capabilities expand and global risks multiply, inviting readers to consider their own role in shaping humanity's trajectory across the vast expanse of time ahead.